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The growth and development of the Animal Husbandry LIVESTOCK Bird Nests (Burung Walet) From category Bird Below : Product Details : LIVESTOCK Bird Nests (Burung Walet)1. A BRIEF HISTORY |
TERNAK BURUNG WALET
Bird Nests (burung walet) are insectivorous birds which are aerial and likes to slide. This dark-colored birds, flying faster with body size medium / small, and has a narrow crescent-shaped wings and
sharp, very small feet and so did the beak of this bird species has never perched in a tree.
Swiftlet in the habit of living in the caves or houses are quite humid, dimly lit until dark and use ceilings to attach the nest as a place to rest and breed.
2. LIVESTOCK Sentra SENTRA Ranch quail numerous in Sumatra, West Java, East Java and Central Java
3. J E N I S
Swiftlet classification is as follows:
Superorder: Apomorphae
Order: Apodiformes
Family: Apodidae
Sub Family: Apodenae
Tribes: Collacaliini
Genera: Collacalia
Species: Collacaliafuciphaga
4. BENEFITS
The result of this is the nest swiftlet farm made from saliva (saliva). This swiftlet nests has in addition to high prices, can also be beneficial for health duni. Swallow nest is useful to heal the lungs, heartburn, blood circulation and energy enhancer.
5. LOCATION REQUIREMENTS
Environmental requirements cage location is:
1) Lowlands with a maximum altitude of 1000 m above sea level.
2) The area is far from the reach of influence of technological progress and development of society.
3) A region far from the disturbance of bird-meat-eating bird of prey.
4) Fields, grasslands, open forests, beaches, lakes, rivers, marshes and swamps are the most appropriate areas.
6. TECHNICAL GUIDELINES CULTIVATION
6.1. Preparation Facility and Equipment
1. Temperature, Humidity and Lighting
House to swallow the cage must have a temperature, humidity and lighting similar to natural caves. Natural cave temperatures ranged from 24-26 degrees C and humidity of ± 80-95%. There are three ways berternak snails in the cage, among others:
Setting the temperature and humidity conditions is done by:
a. Covering the ceiling with a 20 cm thick husk
b. Create channels of water or swimming in the building.
c. Using the ventilation of the pipe forms the "L" which berjaraknya 5 m single hole, 4 cm in diameter.
d. Closed meeting doors, windows and holes are unused.
e. On the hole and out the antidote was given a funnel-shaped beam of burlap or black cloth so that the state of the building will be darker. More favored dark swallow.
2.
3. Shapes and Building Construction
Generally, the home of swallow such a large building, width varies from 10 × 10 × 15 m2 to 20 m2. The higher wuwungan (ridge) and the greater the distance between wuwungan and ceiling, the better and more desirable house swiftlet swiftlet. Houses should not be obscured by tall trees.
Walls of buildings made of plaster walls, while the outer part of the cement mixture. The inside walls should be made from a mixture of sand, lime and cement with a ratio of 3:2:1 is excellent for controlling the temperature and humidity. To reduce the smell of cement can be doused in water every day.
Framework of the roof and bulkhead adherence place the nests are made of strong kayukayu, old and durable, durable, not easy to eat Rengat. The roof is made of tiles.
Swiftlet building need to be equipped with a room as a place berputarputar rovings and resting room as a place for resting and nesting. And out of the hole where the bird-sized 20 × 20 or 20 × 35 cm2 was made at the top. The number of holes depending on the needs and condition of the building. Hole location not facing east and walls painted black holes.
6.2. Peyiapan Seeds
Swiftlet breeders generally do with the accident. Number of buildings surrounding a swallow bird houses are exploited by the breeder. To lure the birds to be more, homeowners prepare a tape recorder that contains a voice recording Swiftlet birds. There is also a stacking hay did produce a small insect as swiftlet food.
1) Selection of Candidates for the Master Seed
Selected as the parent birds swallow Swallow who labored to want to nest in the new building. Swallow a way to lure birds to enter in the new building is the use of tape recordings of wuara Swallow or Swallow. Screening was done at 4:00 p.m. to 18:00 hours, ie when birds come back looking for food.
2) Seeds and Prospective Parent Care
Inside the swiftlet farming, need to be prepared to swallow eggs hatched at Swallow bird's nest. Eggs can be obtained from building owners who were conducting swallow "how to dispose of the egg harvest." Harvest was carried out after the swiftlet nests and lay eggs to make two points. Swallow eggs retrieved and disposed of later nests were taken. Eggs are removed in this harvest can be used to reproduce a swallow bird populations in the nest with menetaskannya Swallow.
a. Selecting Eggs Swiftlet
Eggs are harvested consists of three kinds of color, namely:
- Pink, eggs just out of the cloaca 0-5 day-old parent.
- White redness, aged 60-10 days.
- White-black dark, close to hatching time of 10-15 days old.
Swallow eggs elliptical, size 2.014 × 1.353 cm with a weight of 1.97 grams. Key features of good eggs have to be fresh and should not be stayed except in hatching machines. Good eggs have a relatively small air sacs. Stable and not shift from its place. Location of egg yolk should be there in the middle and not moving, not found specks of blood. Determination of egg quality has been done by observation.
b. Bringing Eggs Swiftlet
Eggs obtained from a close distance can be either eggs or young elderly. While the eggs from a distance, preferably in the form of eggs that have been close to hatching. Eggs arranged in a hollow sponge with a diameter of 1 cm. Sponge inserted into a plastic basket with holes and then closed. Shocks vehicles and air-conditioning is too cold can cause the egg to die. Young eggs had a mortality rate almost 80% lower while the older egg.
3) Hatching Egg Nests
a. How to incubate eggs in the nest swiftlet Swallow.
At the time of the bird nesting season arrives Swallow, Swallow egg is replaced with swiftlet eggs. Intake of eggs should be with a plastic spoon or paper tisue to avoid damage and contamination of eggs that can cause the bird would not mengeraminya Swallow. Replacement eggs done in the daytime when the birds Swallow out of the building looking for food.
Furthermore swiftlet eggs will be incubated by the bird Swallow and after hatching would be cared for until the swallow bird can fly and find food.
b. Swallow eggs incubate in the incubator
Incubator temperature around 400 C with a humidity of 70%. To obtain the moisture is done by placing a plate or cup containing water on the bottom shelf of eggs. Labored to water in a cup is not empty.
Eggs inserted into a rack or register egg evenly and do not overlap. Twice a day the position is reversed with the eggs carefully to avoid damaging the embryos. On the third day of observation carried eggs. Empty eggs and the embryo died discarded. Dead embryos can be seen the sign on the center of the egg there is a dark circle of blood. While living embryo eggs will look like cobwebs. Reversal of eggs done until day-12.
During the hatching machines should not be opened except for the purposes of filling the cup reversal or humidity regulator. After 13-15 days the eggs will hatch.
6.3. Maintenance
1) Animal Care
Son of newly hatched birds swallow hairless and very weak. Children are not able to swallow to eat eggs sendir need to be fed with ants (Kroto fresh) three times daily. During 2-3 days the child swallow it still requires a stable and intensive heating and thus no tetas removed from the machine. After that, the temperature may be lowered 1-2 degrees / day with the machine by opening the air hole.
After the age of ± 10 days when the fur has grown child swallows moved into a special box. This box is equipped with a heater placed in the middle or corner of the box.
After 43 days of age, children who are ready to swallow flying taken to the building at night, then dletakan in rack for disposal. Shelf height of at least 2 m from the floor. With this height, the child will be able to fly waket the next day and follow the way of flying swallow adult.
2) Source Feed
Swiftlet bird is searching for wild bird feed themselves. The food is small insects that exist in the area of paddies, open land, forest and beach / water. To obtain a satisfactory swallow nest, swiftlet home manager is required to provide additional food especially for the dry season. Some ways to mengasilkan insects are:
a. planting crops with intercropping.
b. insects are dried cassava cultivation lice and mosquitoes.
c. create a pool dipekarangan swiftlet house.
d. rotten fruit piled in the yard of the house.
3) The food quality on a regular basis
To be successful with a good result of conducting the necessary quality and feeding regularly. The food is based on the quality of food and mealtime habits. Good quality food will determine the quality of snail meat. Good quality feed that can be fulfilled by giving the feed in the form of preferred foliage and fruit. For example, leaves and fruits of papaya, spinach leaves, cucumber eggplant fruit, swai and others.
7. Pests and diseases
1) Rat
These pests eat the eggs, children and even nest swiftlet. Rats bring the noise and dirt, and urine could lead to an uncomfortable temperature. How to prevent rats by closing all the holes, not the junk pile and the wood that will be used for the rat's nest.
2) Ants
Fire ants and the ants eat the child's itchy and annoying swiftlet swiftlet bird's egg-laying. Ways to give bait in order to eradicate the ants that swarmed outside the nest. After that an ant doused with hot water.
3) Cockroaches
This animal eat bird's nest so that her disability, small and imperfect. How to eradication by spraying insecticides, keep cleaning and removing unnecessary items removed in order not to become a hiding place.
4) Cicak and Gecko
These animals eat the eggs and nest swiftlet. Geckos may eat the child swallow. Feces can contaminate the roar and the temperature generated unsettle swiftlet. How to eradicate the expelled, arrested while the reduction by making the channel the water around the fence to the barrier, outer wall is made smooth and painted and the holes are not used are closed.
8. P A N E N
Swallow nest can be taken or harvested if the situation is allowed to be plucked. To do the plucking need ways and certain provisions for the results obtained can meet the quality of a good swallow nest. If there is an error in menanen would be fatal for the building and swallow bird itself. There are likely to feel tergangggu swiftlet and change places. To prevent that possibility, the building owners need to know the techniques or patterns and harvesting time.
Patterns of bird's nest harvesting can be done by the building management swiftlet
in several ways, namely:
1) Harvest booty
This method is executed after the nest ready for egg-laying, but the couple had not had time to swallow nesting. This method has the advantage of distance quickly harvest time, good quality bird's nest bird's nest and the total annual production of more. The weakness in this way is not good in birds pelestaraian walrt because there is no rejuvenation. Conditions are weak because triggered to continuously build a nest so there is no time to rest. Nest quality was dropped into a small and thin because saliva production is not able to compensate pemacuan time to make nests and lay eggs.
2) Harvest Throw Eggs
In this way dilaksanankan after birds making nests and laying two eggs. Eggs were taken and discarded then the nest is taken. This pattern has the advantage that it can be harvested in one year up to four times and the quality of the nest which was good because it produced a perfect and thick. The weakness is, there is no chance for a swallow to incubate their eggs.
3) Harvest Hatchery
In this pattern of nests can be harvested when children swallow hatch and was able to fly. This pattern of weakness, low-quality nest because it is damaged and contaminated by feces. While profits are swiftlets can breed with a quiet and safe so polulasi birds could increase.
The harvest time is:
1) Harvest 4 times a year
Harvesting is done when the swallow was at home with a house that has been densely populated and its population. How to be used of the first harvest was done by harvesting patterns booty. While for the next harvest with the pattern of egg waste.
2) The harvest three times a year
Frequency of harvest is very good for swiftlet building which has been running and still require the addition of the population. Mode is used, the first harvest for the crop tetasan and subsequently with the pattern of plunder and waste of eggs.
3) The harvest two times a year
The way this is done at the beginning of harvest management, because the aim to reproduce a swallow bird populations.
9. POST HARVEST
After the harvest of swallow collected dalu done cleaning and sorting of results. Kotorankotoran yields cleaned of attached and then the separation between a clean swallow nest with dirty.
